Fotokozani za mbiri yakale ya katukulidwe ka ufa wa latex ndi zomatira za matailosi a ceramic

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1930, zomangira za polima zidagwiritsidwa ntchito kupititsa patsogolo ntchito yamatope.Mafuta odzola a polima atayikidwa bwino pamsika, Walker adapanga njira yowumitsa utsi, yomwe idazindikira kuperekedwa kwa mafuta odzola ngati ufa wa mphira, kukhala chiyambi cha nthawi ya matope osakanikirana a polima.

Kwa zaka zoposa 100, matailosi a ceramic akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zokutira makoma ndi pansi.Masiku ano, akhala zipangizo zokongoletsa zofunika kwambiri.Matailosi amitundu yosiyanasiyana, mawonekedwe, ndi magiredi amatha kuwoneka paliponse.Ndi kupita patsogolo kwa ukadaulo wa matailosi a ceramic, thupi la matailosi a ceramic likukulirakulirakulirakulirakulirakulira, zomwe zikubweretsa zovuta pakuyika matailosi a ceramic.Momwe mungapangire matailosi akulu akulu a ceramic kumamatira mwamphamvu ndikuwonetsetsa kuti kukhazikika kwa nthawi yayitali kwakhala chinthu chatsopano choyang'ana pazokongoletsa zamakono.Zipangizo zomatira (monga polima) zimanyowetsedwa pamwamba pa matailosi a ceramic, kupanga kunyowa pakati pa ziwirizi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusiyana kochepa kwambiri kwa maselo pakati pa ziwirizi.Pamapeto pake, mphamvu yayikulu ya intermolecular imapangidwa pamalo omangira, kumangiriza mwamphamvu zomatira ndi matailosi a ceramic.Ndi kupita patsogolo kwa ukadaulo wa matailosi a ceramic, matailosi a ceramic omwe akuchulukirachulukira amakhala ovuta kupereka mipata yolumikizira makina kuti apange nangula.Komabe, kulumikizana kwa ma intermolecular kumakhala kofunika kwambiri.

 Redispersible latex ufa (RDP) amapanga maukonde a polima muzinthu zamatope, kulumikiza matailosi ndi matope kudzera mu mphamvu za intermolecular.Ngakhale matailosi ali olimba, amatha kumamatira kumatope.Redispersible latex ufa amapangidwa ndi ma polymerization a ma polima awiri kapena kupitilira apo, ndipo amakhala ndi kuuma kosiyana kutengera kuchuluka kwa ma polima.Mukakhala kutentha kwambiri, ufa wa rabara udzawonetsa kusinthasintha kosiyanasiyana chifukwa cha kuuma kwake.Kuchuluka kwa zomatira ufa, kuchepetsa mlingo wa kufewetsa pa kutentha komweko, ndi mphamvu yamphamvu yotsutsa mphamvu zakunja pa kutentha kwakukulu.Choncho, kwa zomatira ufa ntchito ceramic matailosi zomatira, patsogolo ayenera kusankha mkulu kuuma zomatira ufa, amene angathe kuonetsetsa kuti nthawi yaitali adhesive mu malo mkulu kutentha.Pogwiritsa ntchito njira yochepetsetsa yopangira matailosi, kuti ntchito yomanga ikhale yosavuta, ogwira ntchito adzasankha kupaka guluu pamalo akuluakulu asanayambe ntchito yomanga matayala.Panthawiyi, zomatira za matailosi a ceramic zimapanga khungu pamalo owonekera chifukwa cha liwiro la mphepo yamkuntho, kuyamwa kwamadzi apansi panthaka, komanso kusungunuka kwa cellulose ether mkati ndikuyenda.Chifukwa chakuti kunyowetsa ndiye chinsinsi cha kugwirizanitsa kwapafupi kwa zipangizo, pamene kutumphuka kumakhala kovuta kusweka, zimakhala zovuta kuti zomatira za tile zinyowetse pamwamba pa matailosi, pamapeto pake zimakhudza mphamvu yomangirira.Kusankha redispersible latex ufa, kumbali imodzi, chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake, kumatha kukhala ndi gawo lina pakusunga madzi, kuchedwetsa kuchuluka kwa hydration ndi khungu.Kumbali inayi, imatha kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu yolumikizira pagawo lililonse, ngakhale malo olowera achepetsedwa, amatha kutsimikizira mphamvu yolumikizira yonse.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, ndikofunikanso kwambiri kusankha cellulose ether moyenera.Kukula kwa matailosi a ceramic kukuchulukirachulukira, kumakhala kosavuta kumva kutsekeka komanso kupezeka kwa matailosi a ceramic mutayala.Nkhaniyi ikugwirizana kwambiri ndi kusinthasintha kwa zinthu zomangira.Ma matailosi a ceramic amakhala ndi kachulukidwe kwambiri komanso mawonekedwe otsika, ndipo gawo loyambira limatha kukhala ndi kusintha kwakukulu chifukwa cha zinthu zosiyanasiyana zakunja ndi zamkati.Zomata za matailosi a ceramic omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chomangira chomangira ayenera kukhala okhoza kuyamwa kupsinjika komwe kumabwera chifukwa cha mapindikidwe.Ngati zomatira za matailosi a ceramic zilibe ufa womatira kapena kukhala ndi zomatira zocheperako, zimakhala zovuta kutengera kupsinjika komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha mapindikidwe, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti dongosolo lonse lapaving ligwe pang'onopang'ono pamalo ofooka, ndikupanga ng'oma zopanda kanthu.

Redispersible latex ufa ukhoza kupatsa matailosi zomatira ndi kuthekera kosinthira kupsinjika, zomwe zimapangitsa kusinthasintha kwa zomatira matailosi.M'dongosolo lino, kulimba kwa zomatira za ceramic matailosi kumaperekedwa makamaka ndi zinthu zopanda pake monga simenti ndi mchenga, pomwe kusinthasintha kumaperekedwa ndi zomatira ufa.Polima imalowa m'miyendo ya miyala ya simenti, ndikupanga maukonde a polima omwe amakhala ngati chomangira cholumikizira pakati pa zinthu zolimba, ndikupangitsa kuti chizitha kusinthasintha.Kupindika kumachitika, maukonde a polima amatha kuyamwa kupsinjika, kuwonetsetsa kuti zida zolimba sizikusweka kapena kuwonongeka.Chifukwa chake, kuwongolera kusinthasintha kwa zomatira ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse kutsekeka.Kuchuluka koyenera kwa zomatira ufa kumatha kupititsa patsogolo mapangidwe a network ya polima mkati mwa zomatira matailosi a ceramic.